负压除尘器的除尘效率高达99.99%以上，排放浓度可达到10mg/m?以下，且分级效率也很高，对2.5μm以下的微细颗粒物也有很好的捕集效率，因此得到广泛的应用。同时也存在一些问题，如滤袋易损坏、结露、运行阻力高、清灰失灵、灰斗卸灰不畅等。造成这些问题的因素有很多，除了自身因素外，操作、管理不当也是造成其在运行中出现问题的重要原因。

The dust removal efficiency of the negative pressure dust collector is over 99.99%, and the emission concentration can reach 10mg/m? Below, and the classification efficiency is also very high, for 2.5 μ Fine particles below m also have good capture efficiency, so they are widely used. At the same time, there are also some problems, such as easy damage to filter bags, condensation, high operating resistance, ineffective cleaning, and poor ash discharge from the ash hopper. There are many factors that can cause these problems, in addition to personal factors, improper operation and management are also important reasons for the problems that occur during operation.

除尘器设备的进步主要表现在滤料的创新和清灰方式的变革上，滤袋是除尘器的心脏，滤袋的维修费用在除尘器维修费用中所占比例是较高的，可达维修费用的70%以上，滤袋是决定除尘效率的关键因素。造成滤袋损坏的主要因素有：高温烧毁、腐蚀、机械损坏、安装质量、产品质量、操作维护等多方面原因。

The progress of dust collector equipment is mainly reflected in the innovation of filter materials and the transformation of dust removal methods. The filter bag is the heart of the dust collector, and the maintenance cost of the filter bag accounts for a relatively high proportion of the dust collector maintenance cost, reaching over 70% of the maintenance cost. The filter bag is a key factor determining the dust removal efficiency. The main factors causing damage to filter bags include high-temperature burning, corrosion, mechanical damage, installation quality, product quality, operation and maintenance, and other factors.

高温烟气对滤袋的损坏

Damage to filter bags caused by high-temperature flue gas

（1）高温烧毁

(1) High temperature burning

高温对滤袋的损害是致命的。煤粉干燥窑，由于干燥后煤粉颗粒非常细小又特别粘，清灰效果不好，使滤袋表面留存大量的煤粉，而这种煤粉的燃点又非常低，当高温烟气进入除尘器后，会点燃滤袋表面的煤粉，导致整台除尘器的滤袋及骨架被烧毁。

The damage of high temperature to filter bags is fatal. Coal powder drying kiln, due to the extremely small and sticky coal powder particles after drying, the cleaning effect is not good, resulting in a large amount of coal powder remaining on the surface of the filter bag. The ignition point of this coal powder is very low. When high-temperature flue gas enters the dust collector, it will ignite the coal powder on the surface of the filter bag, causing the entire filter bag and framework of the dust collector to be burned.

（2）火星烧穿

(2) Mars burn through

除了高温烧毁外，烟气中的火星对滤袋的损害也是非常严重的。焦炉、干燥窑、链条炉、冲天炉、电炉、高炉、混铁炉等在生产过程中会有大量的火星混入烟气中，如对火星处理不及时，尤其是滤袋表面粉尘层较薄时，火星就会将滤袋烧穿，形成不规则的圆洞。但当滤袋表面粉尘层较厚时，火星不会直接将滤袋烧穿，可能会造成糊袋。

In addition to high-temperature burning, sparks in the smoke also cause serious damage to the filter bag. During the production process of coke ovens, drying kilns, chain furnaces, cupolas, electric furnaces, blast furnaces, and mixed iron furnaces, a large amount of sparks will mix into the flue gas. If the sparks are not treated in a timely manner, especially when the dust layer on the surface of the filter bag is thin, the sparks will burn through the filter bag, forming irregular circular holes. But when the dust layer on the surface of the filter bag is thick, sparks will not directly burn through the filter bag, which may cause the bag to become sticky.

（3）高温收缩

(3) High temperature shrinkage

高温烟气对滤袋的另外一种损害是高温收缩，虽然每种滤料的使用温度不同，但当烟气温度超过其使用温度后，会使滤袋在长度方向上尺寸变短，滤袋袋底紧托着骨架产生受力而损坏。如果滤袋纬向热收缩过大，将使滤袋在径向尺寸变小，滤袋会紧紧箍在骨架上，甚无法抽出骨架。使滤袋一直处于受力状态，造成滤袋的收缩变形、变硬、变脆，加快强度耗损、缩短滤袋寿命。由于滤袋变形后会紧紧箍在骨架上，在清灰时滤袋会变形而不利于喷吹清灰，导致滤袋阻力居高不下。

Another damage of high-temperature flue gas to filter bags is high-temperature shrinkage. Although the usage temperature of each filter material is different, when the flue gas temperature exceeds its usage temperature, the size of the filter bag in the length direction becomes shorter, and the bottom of the filter bag tightly supports the skeleton, causing stress and damage. If the latitudinal thermal shrinkage of the filter bag is too large, it will cause the radial size of the filter bag to decrease, and the filter bag will be tightly clamped on the skeleton, even unable to extract the skeleton. Keep the filter bag under stress, causing it to shrink, deform, harden, and become brittle, accelerating strength loss and shortening the lifespan of the filter bag. Due to the deformation of the filter bag, it will be tightly clamped to the skeleton, which is not conducive to spraying and cleaning during ash cleaning, resulting in high resistance of the filter bag.

（4）灰斗粉尘蓄热烧毁滤袋

(4) Ash hopper dust heat storage burns out filter bags

高温粉尘被收入灰斗后，如果不能及时排出，粉尘会长期蓄积在灰斗里造成灰斗内温度不断升高，滤袋长期在高温烘烤下就会变脆、变硬，严重时则会烧毁，尤其是粉尘中含有的易燃物质，会在灰斗内燃烧，从而烧毁滤袋。

After high-temperature dust is collected into the ash hopper, if it cannot be discharged in a timely manner, the dust will accumulate in the ash hopper for a long time, causing the temperature inside the ash hopper to continuously rise. The filter bag will become brittle and hard under high-temperature baking for a long time, and in severe cases, it will be burned, especially the flammable substances contained in the dust will burn in the ash hopper, thereby burning the filter bag.

滤袋腐蚀

Corrosion of filter bags

腐蚀是滤袋损坏的常见原因，由于烟气中含有多种腐蚀性物质，在高温环境下腐蚀作用更大，从而会造成滤袋损坏。产生腐蚀的主要原因有水解、氧化、酸碱腐蚀，其中主要以水解、氧化原因造成损坏较多，而酸腐蚀较少，碱腐蚀则更少。

Corrosion is a common cause of filter bag damage. Due to the presence of various corrosive substances in the flue gas, the corrosion effect is greater in high-temperature environments, which can cause filter bag damage. The main causes of corrosion include hydrolysis, oxidation, and acid-base corrosion, among which hydrolysis and oxidation cause more damage, while acid corrosion is less and alkaline corrosion is less.

滤袋损坏

Damaged filter bag

运输、安装、运行过程中会造成滤袋的损坏。

Damage to filter bags may occur during transportation, installation, and operation.

设计问题

Design issues

设计方案是否合理是除尘器设备厂区稳定运行的提前，滤室箱体内气流流场分布的合理性是关键点。如果气流分布不合理，会导致袋间速度过快，造成滤袋的损坏。滤袋的长径比选择不合理，会造成袋口速度过快而磨损滤袋。

The rationality of the design scheme is a prerequisite for the stable operation of the dust collector equipment in the factory area, and the rationality of the distribution of the airflow field inside the filter chamber box is the key point. If the airflow distribution is unreasonable, it will cause the speed between the bags to be too fast, resulting in damage to the filter bags. The unreasonable selection of the length to diameter ratio of the filter bag can cause the bag opening speed to be too fast and wear the filter bag.

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This article is provided by the negative pressure dust collector. Our website is: https://www.sdxinlujx.com We will provide you with wholehearted enthusiasm and welcome your visit!